Cancer Diagnosis
An accurate diagnosis is essential for effective cancer treatment. The diagnostic process typically begins with a physical examination, during which a doctor checks for lumps or other abnormalities.
Laboratory tests, including blood and urine analysis, may reveal unusual cell counts or markers suggestive of cancer. Imaging studies—such as X-rays, CT (computed tomography) scans, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and PET (positron emission tomography) scans—provide detailed pictures of internal structures.
The definitive diagnosis of cancer is almost always made by biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is removed and examined under a microscope for cancer cells.
Sources: National Cancer Institute, RadiologyInfo.org